202 lines
13 KiB
JSON
202 lines
13 KiB
JSON
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{
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"annotations": {"list": [{"builtIn": 1,"datasource": {"type": "datasource","uid": "grafana"},"enable": true,"hide": true,"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)","name": "Annotations & Alerts","target": {"limit": 100,"matchAny": false,"tags": [],"type": "dashboard"},"type": "dashboard"}]},
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"description": "Explore BGP path attributes: communities, MED, local-pref and how they influence routing policy decisions.",
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"editable": true,
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"fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
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"graphTooltip": 1,
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"id": null,
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"links": [],
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"panels": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "datasource","uid": "grafana"},
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"gridPos": {"h": 8,"w": 24,"x": 0,"y": 0},
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"id": 1,
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"options": {
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"content": "## BGP Path Attributes — What They Mean\n\n### BGP Communities (RFC 1997)\nCommunities are 32-bit tags attached to routes, written as **ASN:value** (e.g., `65000:100`). They carry policy signals between routers and ASes.\n\n**Well-known communities:**\n| Community | Decimal | Meaning |\n|-----------|---------|----------|\n| `65535:0` | NO_EXPORT | Do not advertise outside this AS or confederation |\n| `65535:1` | NO_ADVERTISE | Do not advertise to any peer |\n| `65535:666` | BLACKHOLE | Drop traffic destined for this prefix (RFC 7999) |\n\nPrivate communities (e.g., `65001:200`) are operator-defined — they may encode region, customer tier, or traffic-engineering intent.\n\n### Local Preference (local-pref)\n- **Scope:** iBGP only — never sent to eBGP peers.\n- **Effect:** Higher local-pref wins. Default is **100**.\n- **Use case:** Prefer one upstream provider over another for all outbound traffic.\n\n### Multi-Exit Discriminator (MED)\n- **Scope:** Sent to directly connected eBGP peers to influence *inbound* traffic.\n- **Effect:** Lower MED wins (when comparing routes from the same AS).\n- **Use case:** Tell a peer which of your links to prefer when sending traffic to you.\n\n> **Tip:** Use the panels below to explore what communities and attributes are actually present in the current RIB. Run `inject.py attributes` to load routes with varied communities and MED values.",
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"mode": "markdown"
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},
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"title": "BGP Attribute Reference — Communities, Local-Pref, MED",
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"type": "text"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: Each row is a unique community string (format ASN:value) seen across all active routes. High route counts for a community mean many routes share that policy tag. Look for well-known communities: 65535:0 (NO_EXPORT), 65535:1 (NO_ADVERTISE), 65535:666 (BLACKHOLE).",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {"color": {"mode": "thresholds"},"custom": {"align": "auto","displayMode": "auto"},"thresholds": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "green","value": null}]}},
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"overrides": [
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{"matcher": {"id": "byName","options": "Routes Tagged"},"properties": [{"id": "custom.displayMode","value": "lcd-gauge"},{"id": "color","value": {"mode": "thresholds"}},{"id": "thresholds","value": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "blue","value": null},{"color": "green","value": 10},{"color": "yellow","value": 100}]}}]}
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]
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 11,"w": 12,"x": 0,"y": 8},
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"id": 2,
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"options": {"footer": {"fields": "","reducer": ["sum"],"show": false},"showHeader": true,"sortBy": [{"desc": true,"displayName": "Routes Tagged"}]},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "table",
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"rawSql": "SELECT\n comm AS \"Community\",\n COUNT(*) AS \"Routes Tagged\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nCROSS JOIN LATERAL unnest(ba.community_list) AS comm\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false AND ba.community_list IS NOT NULL\nGROUP BY comm\nORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC\nLIMIT 30",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "Top BGP Communities in Current RIB",
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"type": "table"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: Routes with notable BGP attributes — tagged with communities or using non-default local-pref / MED values. These routes carry explicit policy information. Examine the Communities column for operator-defined tags and the Local Pref column to see traffic engineering decisions.",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {"color": {"mode": "thresholds"},"custom": {"align": "auto","displayMode": "auto"},"thresholds": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "green","value": null}]}},
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"overrides": [
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{"matcher": {"id": "byName","options": "Local Pref"},"properties": [{"id": "custom.displayMode","value": "color-text"},{"id": "color","value": {"mode": "thresholds"}},{"id": "thresholds","value": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "green","value": null},{"color": "yellow","value": 101},{"color": "red","value": 200}]}}]},
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{"matcher": {"id": "byName","options": "MED"},"properties": [{"id": "custom.displayMode","value": "color-text"},{"id": "color","value": {"mode": "thresholds"}},{"id": "thresholds","value": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "green","value": null},{"color": "yellow","value": 100}]}}]}
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]
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 11,"w": 12,"x": 12,"y": 8},
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"id": 3,
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"options": {"footer": {"fields": "","reducer": ["sum"],"show": false},"showHeader": true},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "table",
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"rawSql": "SELECT\n r.prefix::text AS \"Prefix\",\n ba.origin_as AS \"Origin AS\",\n ba.community_list::text AS \"Communities\",\n ba.local_pref AS \"Local Pref\",\n ba.med AS \"MED\",\n ba.as_path_count AS \"Path Length\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false AND r.isipv4 = true\n AND (ba.community_list IS NOT NULL OR ba.med IS NOT NULL OR ba.local_pref IS NOT NULL)\nORDER BY r.prefix\nLIMIT 100",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "Routes with Notable Attributes",
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"type": "table"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) is used to influence inbound traffic from a directly connected AS. Lower MED is preferred. If most routes show 'Not Set', MED is not being used for traffic engineering. A single dominant MED value means a simple policy; many different values indicate fine-grained control.",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"color": {"mode": "palette-classic"},
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"custom": {"fillOpacity": 80,"lineWidth": 0},
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"unit": "short"
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}
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 9,"w": 12,"x": 0,"y": 19},
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"id": 4,
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"options": {"barRadius": 0.1,"barWidth": 0.6,"groupWidth": 0.7,"legend": {"displayMode": "list","placement": "bottom"},"orientation": "auto","text": {},"tooltip": {"mode": "single"},"xTickLabelRotation": -30,"xTickLabelSpacing": 100},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "table",
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"rawSql": "SELECT\n COALESCE(ba.med::text, 'Not Set') AS \"MED Value\",\n COUNT(*) AS \"Route Count\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false AND r.isipv4 = true\nGROUP BY ba.med\nORDER BY ba.med NULLS LAST\nLIMIT 20",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "MED Value Distribution",
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"type": "barchart"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: Local preference is an iBGP attribute — it never crosses AS boundaries. Default is 100. Routes with local-pref above 100 are preferred over the default path; below 100 they are used as last-resort. Non-100 values indicate active traffic-engineering policy. Run 'inject.py attributes' to inject routes with varied local-pref values.",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"color": {"mode": "palette-classic"},
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"custom": {"fillOpacity": 80,"lineWidth": 0},
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"unit": "short"
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}
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 9,"w": 12,"x": 12,"y": 19},
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"id": 5,
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"options": {"barRadius": 0.1,"barWidth": 0.6,"groupWidth": 0.7,"legend": {"displayMode": "list","placement": "bottom"},"orientation": "auto","text": {},"tooltip": {"mode": "single"},"xTickLabelRotation": -30,"xTickLabelSpacing": 100},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "table",
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"rawSql": "SELECT\n COALESCE(ba.local_pref::text, 'Not Set') AS \"Local Pref\",\n COUNT(*) AS \"Route Count\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false AND r.isipv4 = true\nGROUP BY ba.local_pref\nORDER BY ba.local_pref DESC NULLS LAST\nLIMIT 20",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "Local Preference Value Distribution",
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"type": "barchart"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: This count tells you how widely BGP communities are used in your network. A value of 0 means no community tagging — communities are an opt-in feature. Run 'inject.py attributes' to add routes with community strings.",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"color": {"mode": "thresholds"},
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"thresholds": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "blue","value": null},{"color": "green","value": 1}]},
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"unit": "short",
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"mappings": []
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}
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 5,"w": 8,"x": 0,"y": 28},
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"id": 6,
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"options": {"colorMode": "background","graphMode": "none","justifyMode": "auto","orientation": "auto","reduceOptions": {"calcs": ["lastNotNull"],"fields": "","values": false},"text": {}},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "time_series",
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"rawSql": "SELECT NOW() as time, COUNT(*) AS \"Routes with Communities\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false\n AND ba.community_list IS NOT NULL\n AND array_length(ba.community_list, 1) > 0",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "Routes with Communities",
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"type": "stat"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: The number of distinct community strings seen across all active routes. A diverse set indicates fine-grained policy tagging. A single value means one uniform policy tag is applied.",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"color": {"mode": "thresholds"},
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"thresholds": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "blue","value": null},{"color": "green","value": 1},{"color": "yellow","value": 50}]},
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"unit": "short",
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"mappings": []
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}
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 5,"w": 8,"x": 8,"y": 28},
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"id": 7,
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"options": {"colorMode": "background","graphMode": "none","justifyMode": "auto","orientation": "auto","reduceOptions": {"calcs": ["lastNotNull"],"fields": "","values": false},"text": {}},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "time_series",
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"rawSql": "SELECT NOW() as time, COUNT(DISTINCT comm) AS \"Unique Communities\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nCROSS JOIN LATERAL unnest(ba.community_list) AS comm\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "Unique Community Values",
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"type": "stat"
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},
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"description": "Learn: Routes with a local-pref other than the default (100) have been explicitly policy-engineered. A high count here means your network actively uses local-pref to prefer specific paths. A value of 0 means all paths are at default preference.",
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"color": {"mode": "thresholds"},
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"thresholds": {"mode": "absolute","steps": [{"color": "green","value": null},{"color": "yellow","value": 100},{"color": "red","value": 1000}]},
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"unit": "short",
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"mappings": []
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}
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},
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"gridPos": {"h": 5,"w": 8,"x": 16,"y": 28},
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"id": 8,
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"options": {"colorMode": "background","graphMode": "none","justifyMode": "auto","orientation": "auto","reduceOptions": {"calcs": ["lastNotNull"],"fields": "","values": false},"text": {}},
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"targets": [
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{
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"datasource": {"type": "postgres","uid": "obmp_postgres"},
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"format": "time_series",
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"rawSql": "SELECT NOW() as time, COUNT(*) AS \"Custom Local-Pref Routes\"\nFROM base_attrs ba\nJOIN ip_rib r ON r.base_attr_hash_id = ba.hash_id\nWHERE r.iswithdrawn = false\n AND ba.local_pref IS NOT NULL\n AND ba.local_pref != 100",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"title": "Routes with Non-Default Local-Pref",
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"type": "stat"
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}
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],
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"schemaVersion": 36,
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"style": "dark",
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"tags": ["obmp","learning","bgp","communities","attributes","policy"],
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"time": {"from": "now-1h","to": "now"},
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"timepicker": {},
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"timezone": "browser",
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"title": "BGP Attribute Explorer",
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"uid": "obmp-learn-06",
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"version": 1
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}
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